The independent emirates in the Maghreb from the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates and the role of the Kharijites in establishing them (122-184 AH / 739-800 CE)
Abstract
This research aims at shedding light on the emirates in Morocco that gained their independence from Abbasid and Umayyad Caliphates in the second century (Islamic calendar)/ eighth century (Gregorian Calendar), the role of Khawarij in their emergence and establishment, the circumstances that helped Moroccans achieve their independence from the orient’s Caliphate, and the way Khawarij contributed in consolidating the vision of independence and turning it into a reality among Moroccans. It also addresses the variety of the independent states which were sectarian in nature; some were of Sufri Kharijite or Ibadi, where Khawarij played a direct role in their establishment. Other states were non-Kharijite; some of them were either Zaidi Shiite or Hanfi Sunni; others were Maliki where Khawarij played a role in their rise and establishment, though indirectly. The research mainly draws its material from the classical sources of history, in addition to journals and recent studies. It follows the historical descriptive method and the comparative approach.
